Possible options to exclude files/directories from backup using tar

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Exclude files using multiple patterns

tar -czf backup.tar.gz --exclude=PATTERN1 --exclude=PATTERN2 ... /path/to/backup

Exclude files using an exclude file filled with a list of patterns

tar -czf backup.tar.gz -X /path/to/exclude.txt /path/to/backup

Exclude files using tags by placing a tag file in any directory that should be skipped

tar -czf backup.tar.gz --exclude-tag-all=exclude.tag /path/to/backup

Use a wild card in the --exclude option argument.

For example, suppose you have 3 directories a, b & c.

Each directory has 3 files.

  • a: d e f
  • b: g h i
  • c: j k l

To exclude all of the files in b, use --exclude 'b/*'

To also exclude the directory b, use --exclude 'b/*' --exclude 'b'